Biology Case Study - 1087 Words

To determine inheritance patterns of autosomal recessive ebony and cinnabar traits, genetic crosses were performed. True breeding virgin female ebony flies were crossed with true breeding cinnabar mutant males in the Parental generation. The expected Fâ‚‚ phenotypic ratio based on the Mendelian principle of independent assortment was 9 wild type: 3 ebony: 3 cinnabar: 1 cinnabar and ebony fly. The outcomes did not match the hypothesised phenotypic ration. The observed phenotypic ratio was 12.6 wild type: 3 ebony: 3.4 cinnabar: 1 cinnabar and ebony flies. Chi square was used and the critical value obtained was 11.53 (p0.01). After finding the chi-square value it was determined the hypothesis was rejected. Results To test inheritance†¦show more content†¦Based on the chi squared value, there is less than a one percent chance that the difference between the observed and expected phenotypic ratio is due to chance. For this reason the hypothesis was rejected. The observed data did not fit the expected 9:3:3:1 ratio and the variation in phenotype ratio can’t be explained by chance. One prediction why reason the hypothesis could have been rejected was due to misidentification of mutant phenotypes. Wild type fruit flies have a yellow-brown body color, while ebony flies have a brown-black body. When an ebony fly first hatches its body color is lighter and will gradually darken with age. During the experiment, immature ebony flies could have been identified as wild type,due to the lighter body color of newly hatched flies. This would result in an increase count of wild type and the decrease count in ebony flies. To prevent this problem in future experiments, hatched flies should be placed in a new vial and then counted a day later to give the ebony fly body color time to mature. The ebony trait affects the fly’s body color, resulting in a brown-black pigment. Vision, behavior, the color and firmness of the fly’s body are all traits affected by the ebony mutation (1). The ebony phenotype is reflected by a reduce in phototaxis response (1), affecting the fly’s natural movement towards or away from light. The ebony mutation activates beta-alanine to aminoacyl adenylate (1), which is usedShow MoreRelatedBiology Case Study1218 Words   |  5 Pagesconvenient for our sample study since heart attack disease has been found to start developing in as early a range as 20-39 years (Mozaffarian 2015). Some interesting things to note about our population sample is the changes overtime they had from 1950 to 1962. The weight change decreased about 1.4 pounds as did the serum cholesterol by 4.5 mg% and BMI by 0.2298964. Our mean blood pressure readings i ncreased; DBP by 0.99 mmHG and SBP more drastically by 17.4 mmHG. 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